长江口外缺氧区沉积物中元素分布的氧化还原环境效应   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

许淑梅  翟世奎  张爱滨  张怀静  卢海建 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2007,27(3):1-8

对取自长江口外缺氧区及其邻近海域表层沉积物样品进行了粒度组成和元素(主要包括氧化还原敏感性元素和亲碎屑元素)丰度的分析与测试,对长江口外缺氧区缺氧环境对元素分布的影响进行了探讨,提出了长江口外缺氧区沉积物中氧化还原敏感性元素(Redox sensitive elements,简称RSE)分布的氧化还原环境效应。亲碎屑元素丰度的分布显示出明显的粒控效应,而氧化还原敏感元素的分布受粒度效应的制约很弱,主要受离岸缺氧区还原环境的制约,具有在缺氧区富集的特点。缺氧环境对RSE分布的影响超过了元素的粒控效应,从而使研究区RSE的分布呈现出典型的氧化还原环境效应。  相似文献   

三维地震数据离散光滑插值的共轭梯度法   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李冰  刘洪  李幼铭 《地球物理学报》2002,45(5):691-699

针对三维地震数据插值,提出采用Laplacian算子进行光滑约束的插值方法,并借鉴Mallet研究的离散光滑插值思路,采用预条件共轭梯度法,直接生成网格节点上的值,从而回避寻求满足插值方程的函数. 为了实现其中Laplacian算子的快速求逆,文中引入Claerbout螺旋坐标系谱因式分解理论. 在螺旋坐标系下,Laplacian算子的表示矩阵具有Toeplitz结构,其快速求逆可由谱法LU分解实现. 基于二维离散光滑插值,文中还给出共轭梯度法与NMO相结合的沿时间切片逐层处理的离散光滑插值流程. 最后,应用该方法对模型数据和实际三维地震数据进行了处理.  相似文献   

土体冻结过程中的盐分场研究     

邴慧  何平  杨成松 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):44-49

As to salty soil, salt migrates with water in freezing soils, assembles and crystallizes continuously. Consequently the swelling of the soil volume leads to the phenomenon of salt heaving. It has a practical significance for solving salt-heaving and frost-heaving damage in engineering to deepen the understanding of salt heaving mechanism. In this paper a general overview about new research results at this aspect was presented. And then the study of salt migration and salt heaving mechanism and present salt heaving models were summarized. For further researching the field of salt transfer it is urgent to continually strengthen the salt migration and the numerical simulation study of salt heaving mechanism to expect perfecting the general evaluation of salt heaving prediction models so as to have a better service for engineering.  相似文献   

贡嘎山燕子沟土壤磷海拔梯度特征及影响因素     

周俊  邴海健  吴艳宏  孙守琴  罗辑 《山地学报》2016,(4):385-392

土壤磷生物地球化学特征受岩性、气候、土壤年龄、理化性质、地形、植物和微生物活动等因素的共同影响。山地植被和土壤垂直带谱为研究这些因素的相对重要性提供了理想试验场。选取未受人类破坏的贡嘎山燕子沟5个垂直植被带(裸地、高山灌丛带、暗针叶林带、针阔混交林带和阔叶林带,海拔分别为3 761 m、3 600 m、3 403 m、2 700 m和2 334 m),采集了40个土样,测定了土壤的基本理化性质,并采用连续提取法测定了土壤的生物有效磷、铝结合态磷、铁结合态磷、原生矿物磷、有机磷和残余态磷。结果表明,燕子沟土壤A层部分磷形态的空间分布呈现明显的垂直地带性特征。土壤A层的原生矿物磷随海拔的降低而显著降低,有机磷则呈现与原生矿物磷相反的变化趋势。而生物有效磷始终较低,次生矿物磷(铝和铁结合态磷)也较低,残余态磷的含量变化不大,始终是土壤总磷的最大组分。在高海拔地区原生矿物磷是总磷的第二大组分,而在低海拔地区,有机磷则成为总磷的第二大组分。植物是控制燕子沟土壤磷空间分布的相对重要因素,植物一方面通过控制土壤p H进而影响土壤原生矿物磷的含量,另一方面直接吸收生物有效磷,并将其转化为有机磷,导致有机磷随海拔降低而显著增加。此外,植物还通过"泵吸作用"导致总磷在土壤剖面上呈现由表层向底层降低的分布模式。次生矿物磷含量较低表明地球化学作用在影响燕子沟土壤磷生物有效性的作用相对较小。  相似文献   

AVHRR 1B定位数据经验插值模型的误差分析     

马海建  秦其明  金川 《地理与地理信息科学》2007,23(5):19-21

确定像元地理坐标是几何纠正及卫星数据应用的基础。经验插值方法常用于计算高分辨率辐射计AVHRR1B定位数据,研究插值模型的定位误差具有重要意义。该文分析了AVHRR像元空间位置和像元大小,利用AVHRR扫描线的圆心角θ表示像元的位置,建立了像元位置θ和像元大小Δθ的表达模型;根据分段线性插值模型,计算插值后的像元位置θafter和像元大小Δθafter,获得分段线性插值模型的像元位置和大小的误差模型。  相似文献   

河道洪水反流向演算过程迭代方法   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

钟平安  张慧  邴建平  刘伟莉 《水文》2007,27(2):37-39

在流域防洪调度中需要考虑河槽的调蓄作用,河道洪水反流向演算可以简化河库联合调度模型的求解;马斯京根法是河道洪水演算的常用方法,但不能直接用于解决洪水反流向演算问题;提出了马斯京根法和迭代试算相结合的过程迭代算法;实例表明方法是实用有效的。  相似文献   

INVESTIGATION OF STATUS AND DEMAND ON PUBLIC SERVICE OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER MITIGATION IN CHINA          下载免费PDF全文

DONG Li-na  LIAN Wei-ping  CHEN Wei-tao  MA Hai-jian 《地震地质》1979,42(3):762-771

In order to make a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the status and demands of public service of earthquake disaster mitigation, we launched an investigation with Social Opinion Polling Center of National Bureau of Statistics on the current situation of public service of earthquake disaster mitigation and the demands for it in 2018. The investigation was conducted for 18~75-year-old residents for both urban and rural areas in 31 provinces of China mainland using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview(CATI)method and 20 078 valid samples were received in total. The questionnaire mainly includes two parts: the current situation assessment and the demand survey. The assessment of public service status consists of five indicators: earthquake emergency drill, knowledge publicity of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, acquisition of earthquake information, reliability of information released by earthquake agencies, and overall satisfaction. The results indicate that only 27.4% of public have participated the earthquake emergency drill, and 73.5% of public have learned some knowledge about earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in different level. It shows that rural residents have a lower level of scientific knowledge of earthquake disaster mitigation although the rural residents have a higher level of satisfaction. Meanwhile, 82.9% of the public are very concerned about earthquake-related information, and the earthquake information acquisition convenience score is 81.51 points(the full score is 100 points). At present, TV is still the most popular way to obtain the earthquake-related information, besides that, network and the new media app such as Wechat and Weibo play a more and more important role. In terms of the reliability of official information published by the earthquake administration, the score is 83.69 points which indicates that the public tend to believe in official departments. Furthermore, the degree of satisfaction evaluation of public service of earthquake disaster mitigation is marked 76.44 points which shows that there is still much room for improvement. The more educated the public, the less satisfied they are with the public service of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. The results also show that 51.81% of the public are willing to obtain earthquake warning information at their own expense. As for the demand, the most expectative services for the public are post-earthquake rescue and reconstruction, earthquake warning, and house earthquake resilience test. The results of the investigation may provide some reference for the government to provide better services of earthquake disaster mitigation and to make scientific knowledge popularization in a more scientific way.  相似文献   

从反“理论风”看“四人帮”形而上学猖獗——批驳姚文元的“基础的基础”论          下载免费PDF全文

岩冰 《地质科学》1977,12(1):1-5

一九七二年以来,自然科学领域刮起了一股反“理论风”的妖风,其矛头直接对准伟大领袖毛主席和敬爱的周总理。这股妖风的风源,盖出于王张江姚“四人帮”反党集团。一九七二年,毛主席对一位科学家关于加强自然科学基础理论研究和教学的意见,表示了称赞。周总理根据毛主席的革命科技路线,做了重要的指示和部署。“四人帮”心怀叵测,借以发端。  相似文献   

中中新世中亚构造抬升驱动气候干旱化：以塔里木盆地东南缘江尕勒萨伊剖面为例          下载免费PDF全文

卢海建李海兵  刘栋梁 《中国地质》2014,41(5):1724-1734

中亚前陆盆地地层中氧同位素和孢粉,以及黄土高原和北太平洋粉尘记录均表明,中中新世(16~12 Ma)中亚地区气候干旱化显著增强。然而,对其驱动机制的认识不一,包括全球降温、中亚地区的构造抬升、高海拔的"原西藏高原"的存在、副特提斯洋的退缩以及上述几者联合作用的结果。不过,全球降温(约14 Ma)、"原西藏高原"的抬升(≥40 Ma)、以及副特提斯洋退缩的时间(34 Ma)与中中新世中亚气候干旱化增强的时间(16~12 Ma)不一致。因此,它们可能是导致中中新世中亚干旱化增强的重要边界条件,或者是有利的辅助条件,但没起直接的主导作用。对塔里木盆地东南缘江尕勒萨伊剖面的前期研究结果表明,阿尔金山快速抬升始于16 Ma。在获得了磁性地层年龄的基础上,前人的碳氧同位素数据指示了16 Ma江尕勒萨依地区气候干旱化逐渐增强。鉴于同时发生,笔者把16 Ma气候干旱化增强归因于此时阿尔金山的快速抬升。从更广范围看,中中新世中亚发生了广泛的的地壳缩短变形和造山运动。对中国黄土高原的红粘土以及北太平洋粉尘沉积的多指标分析(磁化率、粒径、粉尘通量以及物源等)表明,中中新世中亚构造抬升及其引起的雨影效应是中亚气候干旱化增强的主因。  相似文献   

RS ＆ GIS支持下的大庆市土地利用分类     

谢振红邴玉旭  魏明耀吴想凤 《地理空间信息》2006,4(2):31-33

选择具有“中国油都”之称的大庆市为研究区,对其土地进行遥感调查,拟定了土地利用分类系统．给出了大庆土地利用覆盖的构成数据一览表和土地分类图。分析结果可为类似于大庆一类的工矿型城市土地利用分类提供决策支持。  相似文献